We Learn Nothing

Faced with the task of finding the right subject for her final post for Comics & Cola, Zainab Akhtar chose a comic about a talking bear. “Having a ginormous talking bear as a life mentor sounds interesting and unpredictable,” she wrote. “The ability to be both cute and scary is an important one.” I mean, have truer words ever been written? It was the perfect thing for a sad moment—and though I doubt it happened this way, I like the idea of her typing up her thoughts on that talking bear and thinking, with satisfaction, I rest my case.

One of the best things I read last year was Zainab’s review of Venom #1 by Mickey Zacchilli. I don’t exactly keep a running list, but that’s probably my favorite review of anything, ever. I like the way its casual but considered style matches the vibe of the comic. I like the perfect way she describes the dream logic meme riffs of Tumblr when she talks about the opening spread. Just the details she picked out are more entertaining to me than most things. An “ice-cream van trundles past” in the background of a fight scene. “Eddie hangs out with his alien symbiote friend who snarfs popcorn while he watches TV.” Trundles. Snarfs. Even at the level of word choice, that review gives me a good feeling.

I’m pretty sure I would’ve dismissed Venom #1 if I’d encountered it anywhere else. I’m old and chronically uncool, and to me, at a glance, it looks like something someone doodled on a napkin. Studying those images through Zainab’s eyes, their charm was so striking and obvious that it almost felt like I was the one who discovered them. It makes me think of how David Foster Wallace described the work of a writer as showing readers how smart they are. That’s much harder to achieve than you might think. (It’s so much easier to show readers how smart you are.) Comics & Cola has—had—a generosity of spirit that’s sorely missing in comics writing. That’s part of what made it feel so fresh.

Sometimes I wonder how other people read reviews. I usually wait until after I’ve read or watched or listened to the thing. Part of it is just that I like to think my own thoughts before I think about someone else’s. But also, if I’m being honest, there’s this other, grosser thing where I find it really hard to care about someone else’s opinion in the absence of my own.

Uncharacteristically, I’ll often read Zainab’s reviews when I have no intention of checking out whatever it is that she’s writing about, which is probably more often than not. I sort of don’t care that she’s a great critic, though she plainly is. Her stuff has always felt more like a novel to me. Like something I want to read on vacation. So much of the writing I consume day to day just feels like it’s for nightmare people, by nightmare people, regarding our respective journeys through this nightmare world. Comics & Cola was basically the opposite of that. It was also the opposite of everything I find deficient and uncharitable about my own writing, and maybe more generally myself.

The first time I was asked to write for Comics & Cola, in 2014, I told Zainab I wasn’t sure I keep up with enough comics to offer an opinion. “Who cares?” she wrote back. “It’s impossible to read everything anyway.” In a milieu that’s all too often about gatekeeping, she doesn’t put a lot of emphasis on expertise, though she has plenty. Her criticism seems to spring from that same attitude. It’s positive, but not in that tedious “let me explain the importance of this to you and rehash the plot” mode that I see everywhere. When Zainab writes about her love for comics, she doesn’t just convey that enthusiasm; she makes you feel it yourself. It’s an incredible talent—a magical talent, really—and so far as I can tell she’s the only one among us who has it.

Zainab is frequently and rightfully cited as one of the best and brightest voices in comics crit. But for a long time now, I’ve noticed a real disconnect in how Comics talks about Zainab and how Zainab talks about Comics. Many times over the last year and a half or so in particular, I’ve read—on her website, on Twitter, and in her emails—about the frustration and sadness that the comics “community” has made her feel. “Spent most of last year in depression for the first time in my life as a direct result of comics ‘discourse’ around Charlie Hebdo,” she tweeted in February. The occasion for her comments that day was the buzz surrounding what was by then a regular tradition at the Comics Journal, the recapitulation of an argument that’s as old as the tragedy itself: that calling out Charlie Hebdo for racist and Islamophobic imagery is tantamount to saying the victims deserved it.

Victim blaming. These are words I understand. Sometimes I wonder if the people who have thrown them around know that it’s a real and terrible phenomenon in the world, not just shorthand for I think that was gauche. To my knowledge, there hasn’t been a single soul in the kingdom of comics who’s given a cogent explanation as to how blaming the victims applies to the Charlie Hebdo conversation. Granted, as a rule, I assume that comics critics aren’t ISIS sympathizers. But even in that inflammatory piece that Carta Monir wrote for this website—you know the one—the proof is plain to see: “The fact that twelve people are dead is hateful, and I can only pray that their attackers are brought to justice.” And also: “Nobody should have been killed over those cartoons.”

I don’t want to misrepresent the tone of that piece, which was angry, or the critique, which was blunt. But I understand why it was angry and blunt, just as I think I understand the original sentiment behind Je Suis Charlie. In those early hours and days after the tragedy, people perceived different states of emergency, chiefly threats to freedom of speech and rampant Islamophobia. The emergency that Carta perceived was the lionization of racist and Islamophobic work, and her piece put an essential check on a conversation that was, in that moment, out of control. But at the same time, some of her harsh (and in places, incorrect) words set the stage for what would become the two “sides” of the Charlie Hebdo conversation—sides that map, however imperfectly, onto how the Hebdo coverage played out at the Comics Journal and here at HU.

Contrary to what many seem to believe, those sides were never diametrically opposed. The chief complaint against that HU piece, and subsequently anyone who wrote about racism and Charlie Hebdo, is that it condones or even celebrates murder. For more than a year, to say anything ill of the work of the dead was regarded as monstrous in the face of grief—a grief that was itself unassailable, and only ever credited to one side. My side, the heartless victim blamers, consists purely of goblins who are incapable of empathy, or so I’ve heard. It’s all about the clicks, baby! Any writer who has appeared here at the Hooded Utilitarian can tell you that! Why, I’m quaking in my chair even now in anticipation of the multiple, if not dozens, of clicks this very piece is sure to get.

I’ll admit that my powers of empathy have been taxed, not by the tragedy, but by the discussion surrounding it. I can certainly see how grief might have led Tom Spurgeon to change his Twitter avatar to a Hebdo caricature of a hook-nosed Muslim in an unthinking moment. I understand less why his explanation for that would be I deliberately chose the grossest thing I could find, or why such an admission wouldn’t be followed by something like in retrospect, that was shitty and I apologize. Instead, when asked about it in an interview with the New York Times, Spurgeon said, “Some people questioned such work as simply cruelty hiding behind the idea of free speech. But when it comes down to killing people, for me, that’s black and white.”

Maybe I’m missing something, but I can’t for the life of me understand the relationship between those two sentences. Can you not interrogate someone’s work and believe that killing them is bad at the same time? Because I have to tell you, the whole issue of killing people is black and white for me, too. I don’t want shitty satirists, Tom Spurgeon, or anyone else who exercises their right to propagate a garbage opinion to get murdered. I don’t even want them to have a bad day.

In good faith, I’ve tried to understand why Art Spiegelman thought that “Cartoonists Lives Matter” was a good slogan. I’ve also struggled to understand why my “side” has been consistently and aggressively derided and misrepresented by people like Spiegelman, Neil Gaiman, and a whole host of people at the Comics Journal. I was floored when Tim Hodler had the gall to say that Charlie Hebdo’s “How Did We End Up Here?” editorial, which was authored by cartoonist Laurent “Riss” Sourisseau, “is not strictly speaking a comics story.” What is it that constitutes a comics story these days, I wonder? The lengthy takedown of Carta’s year-old essay that Hodler had published less than two months before? A single link in a blog post and TCJ’s discussion of Sourisseau’s bile-filled screed against all of Islam was done and dusted. Whatever happened to TCJ’s regular reports on why Charlie Hebdo’s treatment of Muslims is so defensible? Cynthia Rose, girl, where you at? Remember when you wrote that people who criticized Charlie Hebdo “shared a certain characteristic stench”? Do you still think that shit? I want an update.

Of course, on some level, Hodler was right: the editorial wasn’t a comics story, insofar as comics wasn’t claiming it. In early April it finally became fashionable to call out Charlie Hebdo for Islamophobia. What a time to be alive. Comics swiftly distanced itself from “that asinine Charlie Hebdo editorial,” drawing no connection whatsoever between the shitshow that the CH “conversation” had been and the bald-faced nightmare views expressed in that editorial. I mean, what if…what if those of us who’d been banging on about Charlie Hebdo being racist for the last 16 months weren’t just desecrating the names of the dead? And is it just possible, given that Zainab had announced she was shuttering Comics & Cola due to Islamophobia mere weeks before that happened, that the relationship between the bigotry on display in that editorial and the stuff that’s been going on within the world of comics might warrant some serious, sustained reflection? The ‘discourse’ that made Zainab feel depressed—that wasn’t just a bunch of trolls and Twitter eggs. That was us. Because in case you haven’t noticed, the two sides of this conversation haven’t had anything that resembles the serious dialogue that these issues demand and deserve.

Instead there’s been been a lot of emphasis on talking about Zainab’s decision as a matter of self-care. Admittedly, I’m sort of a self-destructive disaster person, but I hate that fucking phrase, which for me conjures the image of some Before Times tubercular quitting her life to take the waters. Let’s be clear: Zainab is an incredibly tough person who was worn down by a hard thing. And instead of giving up, she’s started a host of new projects to find a way to engage with something she loves in a way that doesn’t compromise her health. I hate that stories like hers are so often framed in terms of female fragility.

To date I haven’t seen any substantive discussion of Zainab’s decision other than vague denouncements of Islamophobia, which predictably has been framed as something Other People Do. Heidi MacDonald, for instance, used her own tribute to Zainab as an opportunity to affirm the greatness of our “community.” Of all the posts that MacDonald writes every day, that’s the one in which she chose to assert that “people who say comics have a particularly toxic environment are both right and wrong.” There’s no doubt that MacDonald meant well, but I can hardly imagine a more condescending and absurd move than praising the “close knit community” in a post about the closure of Comics & Cola.

At the risk of sounding like an asshole, I don’t see…whatever this is…as a community at all. I think of it more as a small town. I grew up in a Tennessee cowtown where everyone knew each other, or at least knew of each other…and comics reminds me of that. Unlike many (maybe most?), I don’t perceive these two degrees of Kevin Bacon as a net plus. In fact I believe that’s exactly what insulates people from exposure or critique as they indulge and indulge and indulge in a spectrum of bad behavior ranging from mild unprofessionalism to straight-up sex crimes. Sure, I’ve met some great people in comics who I think of as real friends—but I’d like to think that if those people did something indefensible, I wouldn’t feel moved to aggressively defend it. History suggests that someone could come forward tomorrow with proof that Chris Sims invented bum fights and he’d still be writing for Comics Alliance. Chris learned a lot from those bum fights. It’s all good.

Does anyone remember Zainab’s measured critique of the Lakes festival? Organizer Julie Tait and Chris Butcher, who organizes the festival’s sister event, engaged in behavior that I can only describe as an extensive, if almost certainly unintentional, gaslighting campaign that systematically undermined Zainab’s carefully worded claims. I mean, I’m hardly an event planner. I can barely tell time. Still I feel confident—very, very confident—that if you run an event and someone’s feedback is, “Yikes, racism,” it’s your responsibility to handle that information with care, credulity, and respect. Maybe you can do something to address it; maybe you can’t. But what you definitely should NOT do is accuse that person of being out of order and/or totally off base. That’s not how professionals should treat a colleague, nor is it how event planners should treat anyone in their audience. Except, you know, this is Comics—an ecosystem that thrives on abuse and other ill-considered reactions that, in most other forms of media, would be relegated to the comments section. In writing comics stuff, you’re not just going to take shit from Chris Sims trolls; you’re also going to take it from event organizers, publishers, peers, and creators. That’s just how it is.

If Comics is patient zero for all the cultural anxiety that’s been kicked up surrounding political correctness, what I see here makes me really worry about the world. In comics, as on the Left, the concept of political correctness is often articulated by white men who have a vested interest in characterizing it as the shrillest, most misguided people you went to college with. They frame it as a Theater of Correcting People because their experiences have not given them the ability to imagine a reality in which they could be wrong.

Like everyone else who’s “politically correct,” I hate that term, but I’ll adopt it for the moment to explain that, to me, political correctness doesn’t have anything to do with R. Crumb or Gary Groth or Jonathan Chait or Freddie DeBoer or Matt Bruenig or Jon Ronson or whoever else. I could care less about making them feel bad about about themselves (and anyway I believe that’s impossible). My political correctness is just a very simple practice of trying to believe a person who tells me that someone or something has caused them pain. In comics and beyond, I try to believe women, POC, and queer people who say they’ve been mistreated or abused. I believe them when they say they’re frightened. I believe them when they say they’re uncomfortable. I believe them when they say that something made them feel a little funny. This is literally the least I can do.

I believe them for a lot of reasons, most of which are logical and statistically significant. I see the “rewards” they reap when they say those things. I recognize the small margin of error. But I guess I believe them most of all for the times I was unable to believe myself.

However dear you may hold the notion of community, consider for a moment what kind of hellscape this milieu must be that it robbed Zainab—someone who loves writing about comics, and whose writing about comics people love to read—of her willingness to participate in it. Sit with that for a moment, will you? Ask yourself: is it possible that, even though it has been invisible or puzzling to me, the experience she’s talking about is real? Is it even possible that I unwittingly played a role in it? Consider whether or not there’s something you might do to make it different.

On the very day that my last column for Comics & Cola ran, two things happened: its subject announced his promotion, and its publisher announced that she was shuttering her website. These two events aren’t related (or even analogous), but together they make a certain sort of sense to me. I’ve been hearing similar stories for years, though of course some are way worse than others. I expect we’ll keep passing them down through the generations like some shitty folk tale until finally, one day far in the future, they’ll be regarded as relics of some distant backwards world.

What else can I say about Zainab Akhtar? I’m her friend, her fan, and all too often her inferior. Comics & Cola was a good place, and now it’s gone. I don’t have a joke or a take or a pithy observation. I don’t have a single fucking thought about it, really. Just this feeling I can’t quite name.

I know it’s heavy.

 


This piece was published in conjunction with “Comics Are for Everyone, or So We Say: Goodbye Comics and Cola,” a collection at Women Write About Comics.

Ancillary Imperialism

Screen Shot 2016-05-22 at 10.00.12 PMI’m currently whipping through Ann Lecki’s Ancillary series. It’s great fun; page turning space opera adventure with twisty plots and thoughtful meditations on justice, identity and gender along the way. I love the LeGuin/Butler/Russ/etc. tradition of feminist sci-fi, and Leckie does too, so that makes me happy.

I can’t really recommend this as highly as LeGuin/Butler/Russ, though, nor with the enthusiasm I have for more contemporary writers like N.K. Jemisin and Gwyneth Jones. Leckie has plenty of smarts, and she writes well, but she’s just too…cheerful.

Some might be taken aback at the idea that the Ancillary series is cheerful. The central event of the books is when the main character—a spaceship, with connected ancillary human bodies—is forced to kill its captain, the love of its life. The ship is then dismantled, and one escaped ancillary body, now calling itself Breq, fless across the universe, consumed with sorrow.

That sorrow never goes away, nor really gets revenged (at least not after the first two volumes) which is why some folks might not immediately see the books as particularly happy. In fact, though, Breq’s personal pain becomes a kind of guarantor of a broader, more thoroughgoing justice. Breq in fact functions as a kind of superhero. She (most people in the novel default to the pronoun “she”), as a former ship’s ancillary, is incredibly physically adept, ancient and knowledgeable, and, as a former slave-body, uniquely attuned to the trials of the marginalized and oppressed.

In the second book, Ancillary Sword, especially, Breq’s unique qualifications and sympathies become a literal social justice deus ex machina. Dispatched as a powerful commander to Atoehk Station in the wake of a chaotic breakdown of the empire, where Breq encounters fairly transparent analogues of earth prejudice, ghettoes, and slave plantations. With vast political and personal abilities and an infallible sense of morality, Breq swoops in to show the locals the error of their ways. She orders repairs to the ghettoes, sparks wage negotiations on the plantations, and forces the recalcitrant citizens to confront their unjust preconceptions every one.

Part of the problem is that, as ship’s captain, Breq has access to instantaneous information from her ship which allows her to function as a semi-omniscient narrator; she knows what other characters are doing, and, often even what they are thinking and feeling. With this kind of panoramic view, Breq and the voice of the novel become almost simultaneous; Breq might as well be the author, which means that the book feels like Leckie setting up the other characters as problems to be solved by Breq. “Everything necessitates its opposite,” Breq says. “How can you be civilized if there is no uncivilized?” She’s reprimanding the Radchaai for their imperial ways…but she could be talking about the structure of the book itself, in which a plentful of foils are presented as less civilized so that Breq can show them the way.

There’s an instructive parallel here with the Octavia Butler’s Xenogenesis trilogy, in which creepy tentacled alien things descend from the sky after earth has destroyed itself to heal the humans and show them the path to happiness, great sex, and the acceptance of difference. The thing is, though, that Butler’s Oankali have their own selfish motivations—and also don’t exactly have the readers sympathies. The aliens are more noble and smarter than the humans—but they’re also imperial invaders, and since the reader is human, this imperial conquest comes across in sharp relief, even though in other respects the Oankali are clearly superior (morally and in other ways) to the folks they conquer.

Imperialism in, say, Afghanistan is often launched in the name of justice and mercy. If the imperialists impose women’s rights, is the imperialism justified? Isn’t there a problem with even phrasing the question that way? Butler’s novels are about this…but the Ancillary series is not, really. Leckie deals with many issues of injustice and marginalization, but she never really confronts the imperial implications of an outsider swooshing in to solve all of some backwards planet’s problems. Breq sees the problems with other power disparities, but her power as an occupier is never effectively interrogated or questioned. As a result, the problems the novel raises are resolved with an unconvincing neatness. The emperor is just a little too wise, a little too strong, and a little too good to be true.

Utilitarian Review 5/20/15

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On HU

Featured Archive Post: Consuela Francis on teaching race in the comics classroom. Conseula died earlier this month. We’ll really miss her.

Ng Suat Tong on Jacen Burrows’ art in Providence.

Tom Head on imperfection and activism.

Chris Gavaler on how Daredevil is like a weakly electric fish.

Me on failing to write that back to the future thinkpiece.

Jimmy Johnson on the worst television show ever.
 
Utilitarians Everywhere

At the Chronicle of Higher Ed I wrote about how even people who don’t know anything about Wonder Woman can write about Wonder Woman.

At the Establishment I wrote about how everyone has embodied sexual fantasies, but only trans women are shamed for them.

On Splice Today I wrote about

—how people who hate identity politics should hate Trump’s white identity politics first.

—the Dracula Hammer film Dracula Rises from the Grave, and how vampires bite through your continuity.

—how I am more rational than all the rationalists.

At the Chicago Reader I wrote about the lovely indie folk band Mutual Benefit. (yes, the name is no good, alas.)

 
Other Links

Ryan Cooper on Barack Obama’s failures in the foreclosure crisis.

Maggie McNeil on rape fantasies.

Adrienne Keene on that Washington Post R*dskins survey.

A Sickening Shit Blizzard aka; The Latest Episode of Criminal Minds: Beyond Borders

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In a fierce rebuke to the arts of storytelling and television, CBS decided to renew Criminal Minds: Beyonds Borders, one of the worst shows – both ethically and artistically – in recent memory. CM:BB is a spin-off from the veteran Criminal Minds franchise. Except instead of the F.B.I. doing psychological profiling (and, like most psychologists, getting involved in tons of shootouts) inside the U.S., CM:BB looses the F.B.I. profilers upon the world.

In a previous post I examined the show’s first two episodes and the fundamental problem with the idea that the U.S.’s sovereign violence – its monopoly on legitimate force as embodied in this instance by the F.B.I. – should follow U.S. citizens into other sovereignties. Already evidenced in the first episodes were the baselines of the parent franchise, ableism and pathologizing neuroatypicality. CM:BB adds to this by projecting these onto Othered populations. It takes a colonial anthropological look at exotified populations with a proclaimed Cultural Expert (Alana de la Garza) who mostly stands in for ‘native informants’ (which in this series has two meanings, the anthropological and the turning of snitches, though these are not necessarily distinct positions). The othering is accomplished in part through recurring native incompetence where all things procedural and properly logical must be explained by the F.B.I. to native investigators and where native cultural practice has boundaries of propriety also defined by the F.B.I. All of this is offered through a cast with middling chemistry and scripts so bad as to be unintentionally comedic at times, leading to impressive guffaws-per-minute rates.

Between the first two episodes and now CM:BB has shown the following:

Egyptian terrorist uses a cobra to attack gay Americans.

Justice against an Afrikaner torturer from the juridical apartheid era is achieved through proving he killed a white cop while the ‘truth and reconciliation’ program forgives his actual apartheid crimes.

A stand-in for ISIS seduces a white U.S. teenager into traveling to Turkey where they kidnap and brainwash her into carrying out a suicide bombing.

A French serial killer is murderously romantic while smoking cigarettes and drinking wine.

The latest episode, “The Ballad of Nick and Nat”, is arguably the worst. The episode opens with some stock salsa music playing in a bar where a non-Cuban white American girl meets a non-white Cuban-American guy whom she seduces then kills. The F.B.I. is called in to investigate the guy’s death.

They identify problems before even arriving as Simmons (Daniel Henney) lets the teams know that Cuba’s “technology is at least fifty years behind”. This leads into a brief discussion of the old cars prevalent on Cuban streets, what Jarvis (Annie Funke) calls one of “Cuba’s biggest natural resources”. Team leader Garret (Gary Sinise) chimes in saying, “So, our [suspect] is on the move in a country that can’t keep up”. Cue the white U.S. suspect seeing a U.S. flag on the wall of a shop where she has gone to buy a Che Guevara tank top. She kills the storeowner for having a U.S. flag.

The F.B.I. is frustrated at first by – as with all episodes to date – native incompetence. They eventually figure out that the killers are following a route made famous by El Che and staging symbolic representations of Che quotes. I wrote that sentence coherently. How it is done in the show is totally incoherent and extremely funny. For folks who have even a very basic grasp on the Cuban Revolution it will be funnier still.

The show then moves into a discussion of communism and Che Guevara that has all the nuance of a House of Unamerican Activities Committee hearing. Garret says about views of Che as heroic and revolutionary, “That’s one of the great propaganda campaigns of all time, turning Castro’s thug into a hero. The man responsible for torturing and killing thousands of innocent civilians under the cover of, ‘the revolution.’ Cubans are still terrified to speak out against them.” Cultural Expert responds knowingly, “The Butcher of La Cabaña [pronounced in the show ‘Cabana’], and our [suspect’s] inspiration.”

The suspect keeps quoting Che in ways intended to tie her to a madness that is also Che’s, and to prsent both her and him as irrationally violent. For example, some U.S. dude calls Che a “narcissistic psychopath” and tells his buddy, “Let’s get a mojito.” The killer looks into her partner’s eyes with divine inspiration and quotes Che, “If you tremble with indignation at every injustice, then you are a comrade of mine.” Dude becomes a corpse shortly thereafter.

At this point the comedy is set aside so the show can get on with its primary purpose, which is to define women exclusively through gendered violence. The police find out that the killer was raped as a child and then again shortly before she started killing. The killer alternates between screaming Che quotes and nonsensical utterances intended to illustrate her victimization. The woman’s political critique is presented as a symptom of her rape. Her love for Che and concern about U.S. imperialism are all because her step-father raped her and nobody listened, not because U.S. imperialism is a bad thing—and of course no stable person would be moved to question imperailism. The F.B.I. shows up and tells the killer that they’re “listening to her” which solves everything for her and she’s ready to stop killing but her partner isn’t so they both die anyway.

Everything about this is wrong and vile. It takes the actual fact that raped victims are ignored and establishes them as violent actors rather than people upon whom violence is enacted. The killer embraces Che not because she is working class and so has legitimate grievances with the status quo, but because she was raped twice and is therefore, necessarily, by the show’s logic, insane. The killer has no politics nor identity, she is a purely physical being comprised of reactions to rape trauma. Victims of sexual violence and victims of U.S. imperialism are alike incomprehensible, dangerous and erratic. It’s up to the F.B.I. to impose order, reason, and the justice of death.

Missing the Stupid Future

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This first ran on Splice Today. Travel back with me to that time.
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Back to the Future II. I logged into social media, and suddenly, Back to the Future II. Everywhere.

There was no warning. There was only the vaguest gesture at a reason; October 21, 2015 featured in the movie, I guess. Yet on that slim thread of relevance, , here it was, returned out of the past. USA Today ran a mockup of the future October 21, 2015 front page from the film. The Guardian had an all-day Back to the Future feature. And I had only one, single, anguished thought.

Why didn’t someone tell me this was coming so I could pitch a hot take think piece?

Not that I have any particular emotional connection with Back to the Future II. I can say with absolute sincerity that I have not thought about Back to the Future II at all since I saw it in theaters way back in 1989. I didn’t even think about it while I was in the theater watching it.

There was nothing to think about. It was one of those Hollywood blockbuster sequel which seemed to have been created by a committee of monkeys randomly assembling tropes. The original film was an exercise in pallid 50s nostalgia, and an excuse to watch Crispin Glover. The second was a shambling cash grab with neither heart nor brain. It sat on the screen and twitched. Without Crispin Glover.

And, apparently, though I don’t remember this, the film made supposedly funny predictions about October, 21, 2015. Most of which didn’t come true, but some sort of did. Hah!

There is nothing interesting, or charming, or worthwhile about Back to the Future II. It’s sudden ubiquitous presence is the sort of pop culture hive mind brain fart that suggests our civilization has turned into a giant marketing endeavor designed to repackage our own smelly end products. We aren’t a democracy; we’re a coprophagy.

But if we’re in a coprophagy, then it’s every individual’s job to be the best coprophagist they can. And in the competitive coprophagy, I flagrantly failed, because I didn’t know that Back to the Future II was coming back.

As a freelance writer, my whole job is to write hot takes on the same thing everyone else is writing hot takes about. When the Avengers film comes out, you write about the Avengers. When Beyoncé releases an album, you write about Beyoncé. You’re supposed to coordinate your own brainstem with the herd, so that you begin to lumber even before the mass of ungulates realize that they’re stampeding. To be more ungulate than the other ungulates; to chew the cud first, but not too first. That is the noble goal of cultural journalism.

And I failed. I had no idea Back to the Future was suddenly going to come zipping out of the past bearing the smug visage of Michael J. Fox and dripping forced and feeble irony. I had failed to check the super-secret zeitgeist listserve for shameless freelancers; I had not followed the right trendsetters on twitter. If only I could go back three weeks and tell my former self to pitch, pitch, for the love of god pitch. “Write about how Marty McFly inventing Johnny B. Goode in the original film is a travesty,” I would have told my former self. Relevant! A chance to talk about Chuck Berry! Hurry, do it now, before the future catches up to you!

But there is no time machine that can reverse my woe to “eow!” and bring back the Chuck Berry Back to the Future thinkpiece that never was. All I’ve got is this belated lament mourning my own catastrophic out-of-dateness. I missed my ride in the Delorean, and I can’t even feel superior to all the people who vacantly jumped aboard. I would have joined them, if somebody has only pointed me to the right timeline. I’m not smarter than everyone else; I’m just worse at predicting the stupid, entirely predictable, future.

Re: Superheroes and the curse of superpowers

Dear Professor Gavaler,

I am a biologist at the University of Oklahoma, currently writing a review paper about our research on sensory processing by weakly electric fish in South America and Africa (a major focus of my research program).  In this review, I have drawn an analogy between the electrosensory abilities of weakly electric fish and X-ray vision in superheroes like Superman.  One of the points that I am trying to make is that extraordinary sensory capabilities also carry high liabilities.  In the case of electric fish, the metabolic demands of generating electric fields leaves them extremely vulnerable to low oxygen and low food availability.

I would like to complete the analogy by referring to the costs/curses that usually come with the superpowers possessed by superhero characters, but I need a scholarly source(s) to back up this claim.  My initial literature review has turned you up as the leading expert on superheroes in literature and pop culture.  So, I’m writing to ask it you could refer me to any work of your own or work by others that discusses the sometimes costly tradeoffs that come with superpowers.

You can find more about electric fish and our research at my lab website if you are interested.

Thanks in advance for any help you can offer.  I was fascinated by the reading I did from your most recent book!

Sincerely,

Michael

Michael,

You have an interesting project, and your analogy is apt. The notion that a superhero’s powers are also a curse has been a standard of the genre since the early 60s. I don’t believe it applies to Superman or most other WWII-era heroes, but Marvel Comics popularized the idea with characters like the Fantastic Four, Spider-Man, and the X-Men. Often the curse is more psychological–the moral obligation that, as Stan Lee phrased it, “with great power there must also come–great responsibility!” The self-sacrificing curse comes in other forms too. The Thing, for example, routinely saves the world, but his powers also make him look like a grotesque monster.

Since your analogy is biological, Daredevil may be a better example. In the 1964 premiere, Matt Murdock saves a pedestrian from being struck by a truck carrying radioactive material. As a result of the exposure, Murdock gains bat-like radar but he’s also blind. He can’t have one trait without the other. In some sense, this does apply to Superman then–if you think of kryptonite as his liability. Being from Krypton gives him a range of extraordinary powers, but it also means he’s extremely vulnerable in this one area, while normal humans are unaffected by kryptonite. The film Unbreakable does the same thing with Bruce Willis’ character, who is invulnerable–except he can easily drown.

If you need a citable source, I touch on this briefly in On the Origin of Superheroes. On page 38: “And the whole tragic  twist of Marvel’s Silver Age heroes–that superpowers are both blessing and a curse–comes down to one word, “barak,” from Job 1:5. It means both ‘bless’ and ‘curse.'” I also spoke a year ago with journalist Jim Rendon about a similar idea for his book on post-traumatic growth syndrome. I don’t know if his book is published yet, but I wrote about it in more detail here.

Let me know if any of that helps.

Best,

Chris

Hi Chris,

This is very helpful.  Thanks so much for sharing your perspective on this issue.  I think you’re right that Daredevil is probably a better example (I just started mass-consuming the Netflix version a couple weeks ago).  But, I think we will still stick with Superman just because he is an example more familiar to a general audience.  Your pinpointing of the tradeoff for Superman is spot on.

I ordered a copy of your book (it was released too recently for our library to have a copy) and I look forward to reading it.  We will probably cite it as a reference for our paper, and may include a personal communication reference based on your email (I will get your permission first if that is the case).   I will definitely send you a copy of our paper when we have it completed.

Thanks again for your help!  Much appreciated.

Best,

Michael

Glad I could help, Michael. And, yes, you have my permission to quote our email correspondence too. And would you mind if I included our correspondence in a blog post?

Btw, the Netflix Jessica Jones is even better than the Daredevil (and her powers create some major liabilities).

Chris

Hi Chris,

It would be absolutely fine to include our correspondence in your blog.  I will follow up in a couple weeks when we finish the paper we are currently writing.  This project has me intrigued by the parallels between superheroes and animals with extreme adaptations in biology.  A core principle in evolutionary biology is the notion of the adaptive tradeoff – traits that carry a large adaptive advantage in one capacity also come at high costs (e.g., metabolic, reproductive, or survival).

Best,

Michael